The idea of emergent properties (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence) is a fascinating defence against reductionism. The notion is that genuinely novel features and patterns can arise out of a multiplicity of relatively simple interactions at a ‘lower’ level. E.g. psychology can be understood as an emergent property of neurobiological dynamics. Crucially, psychological behaviour cannot be fully understood, accounted for, […]
Since it appeared in 1971, John Rawls’s A Theory of Justice has become a classic of moral and political philosophy. The author has now revised the original edition to clear up a number of difficulties he and others have found in the original work. Rawls (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rawls) aims to express an essential part of the common core
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The Appalachian Trail (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_trail) trail stretches from Georgia to Maine and covers some of the most breathtaking terrain in America: majestic mountains, silent forests, sparking lakes. If you’re going to take a hike other than in Yosemite National Park, it’s probably the place to go. Bill Bryson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Bryson and http://www.billbryson.co.uk/) proves to be the most entertaining guide
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Primo Levi’s (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_levi) account of his time in Auschwitz, If This Is a Man , (first published in 1947 in Italian as ‘Se questo è un uomo’ ), made him one of the first writers to document the Holocaust and it established his name around the world. But Levi was not just a writer. He
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Is there such a thing as human nature? Sartre denied it with his epithet that ‘existence precedes essence’. We are free to choose what we become, he argued. Indeed, in a memorable phrase ‘we are condemned to be free’. Of the opposite opinion are thinkers like Steven Pinker (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Pinker) (Cf. The Blank Slate: The Modern
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The Making of the English Working Class (1963) is an influential and pivotal work of English social history, written by New Left historian E. P. Thompson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._P._Thompson). It concentrates on English artisan and working class society in its formative years 1780 to 1832. Its tone is captured by the oft-quoted line from the preface: ‘I
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The Liberal Imagination (1950) by Lionel Trilling (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Trilling and http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/archival/collections/ldpd_4079615/index.html) is one of the most admired and influential works of criticism of the last century, a work that is not only a masterpiece of literary criticism but an important statement about politics and society. Published at one of the chillier moments of the Cold War, Trilling’s essays
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This monumental work of scholarship is a breathtaking panorama of the development of Christian doctrine written by Jaroslav Pelikan (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaroslav_Pelikan#Death) over a period of 18 years between 1971-1989. It is nothing less than a history of the subject from the year 100 to our own times. This will demand a place in the bookcase of anyone
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Henry Louis (‘H.L.’) Mencken (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mencken) was inspired by ‘the argot of the coloured waiters’ in Washington, as well as one of his favourite authors, Mark Twain, and his experiences on the streets of Baltimore. In 1902, he remarked on the ‘queer words which go into the making of ‘United States’. The American Language (1919) was preceded by several columns
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